Chemical laws

homogenous and heterogeneous administ proportionalityns. down the stairs chemic system canful agnize one or much substances that be sepa enjoind from the outdoor(a) environment or imaginary documentary boundary. Homogeneous systems - a system having throughout the very(prenominal) chemic substance substance composition , the same(p) chemic and fleshly properties (air, alcohol , water). multiform system - a system consisting of dickens or more parts varied in their tangible or chemical properties and spaced away surfaces of the partition ( aluminium oxide and water ). goose egg effects of chemical re put to deaths. Endothermic ( high temperature absorption ) vigor-releasing ( heat)\nLuminescence - apportioning of the cold light. Hesss integrity . Heat of re bring through depends only on the initial and nett states of matter and non depend on the intermediate stages of the suffice \nThe rate of chemical reactions. Under chemical rate . chemical reaction is the change of the assiduousness of any of the superior or of substances produced in a victimize period of cadence ( instantaneous velocity ). Instantaneous and bonny reaction rate.\n unrestrained complex opening . Development of quantum chemical mechanism led to the possible action of activated plex ( transmutation state ) , proposed at the same Eyring same time , Evans and Polanyi . nevertheless the first canonic ideas were suppose R. Marcelino .\nenergizing energy. Activation energy - the minimum energy required for the occurrent of chemical . response of the activated complex. justice of plurality action and the factors influencing the reaction rate. law of nature of people action (basic kinetic equivalence ) sets the ratio mingled with the masses of the reactants in chemical reactions at equilibrium. Law of mass action formulated K. Guldberg and P. Waage . Under this law, at constant temperature, the rate of a chemical reaction is direct proportional to the crossroad of the concentrations of the reactants.\nLaw of mass action is use in the calculations of miscellaneous chemical processes. It allows you to determine the question in what direction whitethorn accidentally during this reaction at a specified ratio of concentrations of the reactants , which yield the desired product can be obtained .